Supercapacitor, also known as ultra-high capacitor, gold capacitor, is a high-capacity capacitor whose capacity is much higher than other types of capacitors, but with operating voltage relatively low. It bridges the gap between electrolytic capacitors and rechargeable batteries. It can be charged and discharged faster than batteries, withstand more charge and discharge cycles, and have higher capacity than electrolytic capacitors, up to thousands of times more.
Supercapacitors are used in applications that require many rapid charge/discharge cycles rather than long-term energy storage. In cars, buses, trains, cranes and elevators, they are used for regenerative braking, short-term energy storage or To provide the required energy for bursts, smaller ultracapacitors are often used as backup power sources for static random access memory (SRAM).
Supercapacitors store electrical energy at the electrode-electrolyte interface. Composed of two metal plates coated with a porous material called activated carbon, this allows the supercapacitor to have a larger area to store more charge.